Lesson 113 - Parts of the Sentence - Review

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A simple sentence is a group of words expressing a complete thought, and it must have a subject and a verb (predicate - some grammar books use the word predicate, but I will use verb).  A verb shows action or state of being.  The subject tells who or what about the verb.  When finding the subject and the verb in a sentence, always find the verb first and then say who or what followed by the verb.

     Example:
     The bell rang.
     Find the verb - rang
     Who or what rang?
     The bell rang, so bell is the subject.
     The bell rang.

A predicate nominative or predicate noun completes a linking verb and renames the subject.  It is a complement or completer because it completes the verb.  The verb in a sentence having a predicate nominative can always be replaced by the word equals.

     Examples:
     Mr. Johanson is a teacher.
     Mr. Johanson equals a teacher.

A direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object. To find the direct object, say the subject and verb followed by whom or what. If nothing answers the question whom or what, you know that there is no direct object.

 

     Example: 

     The car hit the tree. 

     The car hit whom or what? 

     Tree answers the question, so tree is the direct object.

     The car hit the tree. 

Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, predicate nominatives, and direct objects in these sentences.

1. In the woods the rain came down in torrents.

2. Jim will be waiting for you at the mall.

3. The reckless driver hit the deer and swerved into another car.

4. The policeman stopped to help and saved the man's life.

5. The men and women stopped and helped the lame horse and its rider.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. rain = subject / came = verb

2. Jim = subject / will be waiting = verb

3. driver = subject / hit = verb, deer = direct object // swerved = verb

4. policeman = subject / stopped = verb // saved = verb / life =direct object

5. men, women = subjects / stopped, helped = verbs / horse, rider = direct objects

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Lesson 313 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Capitalize the names of organizations (business, school, professional, social). 

 

Examples: 

Audubon Society, Orem High School, Better Business Bureau, Lion's Club

Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. I like to attend the metropolitan opera.

2. salt lake city is known for its ballet west.

3. i have never been to lone peak high school.

4. You should be a member of the national honor society.

5. Did he work for the ophir coal company?

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. I like to attend the Metropolitan Opera.

2. Salt Lake City is known for its Ballet West.

3. I have never been to Lone Peak High School.

4. You should be a member of the National Honor Society.

5. Did he work for the Ophir Coal Company?

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Lesson 112 - Parts of the Sentence - Review

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A simple sentence is a group of words expressing a complete thought, and it must have a subject and a verb (predicate - some grammar books use the word predicate, but I will use verb).  A verb shows action or state of being.  The subject tells who or what about the verb.  When finding the subject and the verb in a sentence, always find the verb first and then say who or what followed by the verb.

     Example:
     The bell rang.
     Find the verb - rang
     Who or what rang?
     The bell rang, so bell is the subject.
     The bell rang.

A predicate nominative or predicate noun completes a linking verb and renames the subject.  It is a complement or completer because it completes the verb.  The verb in a sentence having a predicate nominative can always be replaced by the word equals.

     Example:
     Mr. Johanson is a teacher.
     Mr. Johanson equals a teacher.

A direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object. To find the direct object, say the subject and verb followed by whom or what. If nothing answers the question whom or what, you know that there is no direct object.

 

     Example: 

     The car hit the tree. 

     The car hit whom or what? 

     Tree answers the question, so tree is the direct object.

     The car hit the tree. 

Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, predicate nominatives, and direct objects in these sentences.

1. There has been a change in the schedule.

2. Who brought the cake and ice cream?

3. We saw and touched the baby panda at the zoo.

4. Larry was my best friend and married a girl from Las Vegas.

5. Oh, I lost my wallet and missed the bus for home.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. change = subject / has been = verb

2. who = subject / brought = verb / cake, ice cream = direct objects

3. we = subject / saw, touched = verbs / panda = direct object

4. Larry = subject / was = verb / friend = predicate nominative // married = verb / girl = direct object

5. I = subject / lost = verb / wallet = direct object // missed = verb / bus = direct object

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Lesson 312 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Capitalize the specific name of buildings and other man-made structures, ships, trains, and planes. 

 

Examples: 

the White House, Mayflower, Amtrak, Concorde

Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. One famous airplane is the spirit of st. louis.

2. The reading railroad and the shortline were trains found in atlantic city.

3. The empire state building used to be the tallest building in the united states.

4. The washington monument and the lincoln memorial are being renovated.

5. The nina, pinta, and the santa maria are ships known to all americans.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. One famous airplane is the Spirit of St. Louis.

2. The Reading Railroad and the Shortline were trains found in Atlantic City.

3. The Empire State Building used to be the tallest building in the United States.

4. The Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial are being renovated.

5. The Nina, Pinta, and the Santa Maria are ships known to all Americans.

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Lesson 111 - Parts of the Sentence - Review

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A simple sentence is a group of words expressing a complete thought, and it must have a subject and a verb (predicate - some grammar books use the word predicate, but I will use verb).  A verb shows action or state of being.  The subject tells who or what about the verb.  When finding the subject and the verb in a sentence, always find the verb first and then say who or what followed by the verb.

     Example:
     The bell rang.
     Find the verb - rang
     Who or what rang?
     The bell rang, so bell is the subject.
     The bell rang.

A predicate nominative or predicate noun completes a linking verb and renames the subject.  It is a complement or completer because it completes the verb.  The verb in a sentence having a predicate nominative can always be replaced by the word equals.

     Example:
     Mr. Johanson is a teacher.
     Mr. Johanson equals a teacher.

A direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object. To find the direct object, say the subject and verb followed by whom or what. If nothing answers the question whom or what, you know that there is no direct object.

 

     Example: 

     The car hit the tree. 

     The car hit whom or what? 

     Tree answers the question, so tree is the direct object.

     The car hit the tree. 

Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, predicate nominatives, and direct objects in these sentences.

1. Our neighbors are from Australia.

2. Our best friends are visiting England.

3. Was Samuel ever in the army?

4. The basketball coach was a great example for the boys.

5. Was the circus a thrilling time for you?

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. neighbors = subject / are = verb

2. friends = subject / are visiting = verb / England = direct object

3. Samuel = subject / was = verb

4. coach = subject / was = verb / example = predicate nominative

5. circus = subject / was = verb / time = predicate nominative

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Lesson 311 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Do not capitalize prepositions, conjunctions, or the articles (a, an, the) that come within a proper noun. 

 

Examples: 

University of Utah

Smith and Sons

Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. The university of california is found in many different cities in california.

2. The battle of the bulge was an important battle.

3. The gulf of mexico is found south of texas.

4. One period of history is called the dark ages.

5. The cape of good hope is near africa.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. The University of California is found in many different cities in California.

2. The Battle of the Bulge was an important battle.

3. The Gulf of Mexico is found south of Texas.

4.  One period of history is called the Dark Ages.

5. The Cape of Good Hope is near Africa.

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Quiz for Lessons 106 - 110 - Parts of the Sentence - Direct Object

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Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, direct objects, and predicate nominatives in these sentences. They may be sentences with direct objects, compound verbs with separate direct objects, predicate nominatives, or without either a direct object or predicate nominative.

1. Someone must have dialed my number by mistake.

2. They hung up quickly.

3. I hate phone calls.

4. The girl combed her hair and brushed her teeth for her date.

5. The boy and the girl love their dogs.

6. Joe should have been captain of the debate team.

7. The soldier cleaned and polished his rifle.

8. The girls fished for hours without a bite.

9. Today was the warmest day in years.

10. You must do your lessons correctly.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. Someone must have dialed my number by mistake.

2. They hung up quickly.

3. I hate phone calls.

4. The girl combed her hair and brushed her teeth for her date.

5. The boy and the girl love their dogs.

6. Joe should have been captain of the debate team.

7. The soldier cleaned and polished his rifle.

8. The girls fished for hours without a bite.

9. Today was the warmest day in years.

10. You must do your lessons correctly.

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Quiz for Lessons 306 - 310 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. The state of south dakota has mount rushmore in it.

2. The work days are monday through friday.

3. The term caucasians comes from the caucasus mountains.

4. To the north lies montana, a state on fire.

5. The southwest has some very interesting sites.

6. This wednesday i have two meetings to attend.

7. The cold months are january and february.

8. Next summer we need to go to florida in the south.

9. The methodists and mormons are two religions that send out missionaries.

10. zions park and arches national park are fun to visit.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. The state of South Dakota has Mount Rushmore in it.

2. The work days are Monday through Friday.

3. The term Caucasians comes from the Caucasus Mountains.

4. To the north lies Montana, a state on fire.

5. The Southwest has some very interesting sites.

6. This Wednesday I have two meetings to attend.

7. The cold months are January and February.

8. Next summer we need to go to Florida in the South.

9. The Methodists and Mormons are two religions that send out missionaries.

10. Zions Park and Arches National Park are fun to visit.

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Lesson 110 - Parts of the Sentence - Direct Object

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A direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object. 

 

To find the direct object, say the subject and verb followed by whom or what. If nothing answers the question whom or what, you know that there is no direct object.

 

     Example: 

     The car hit the tree. 

     The car hit whom or what? 

     Tree answers the question, so tree is the direct object.

     The car hit the tree. 

     Example: 

     The car sped past.

     The car sped whom or what?

     Nothing answers the question, so the sentence has no direct object.

The direct object must be a noun or pronoun. A direct object will never be in a prepositional phrase. The direct object will not equal the subject as the predicate nominative, nor does it have a linking verb as a predicate nominative sentences does.

Direct objects may be compound. 

     Example:

     The car hit the tree and the fence.

     The car hit whom or what?

     Tree and fence answer the question, so tree and fence are the direct objects.

     The car hit the tree and the fence.

A sentence may have a compound verb with one direct object for both verbs. 

     Example: 

     The man mowed and raked the lawn. 

     The lawn received the action of being both mowed and raked by the man.

 

A sentence with a compound verb may have two different direct objects in it. 

 

     Example: 

     The dog ate the meat and drank some water. 

     The direct object for the verb ate is meat. 

     The direct object for the verb drank is water. 

     The dog didn't drink the meat or eat the water.

Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, direct objects, and predicate nominatives in these sentences. They may be sentences with direct objects, compound verbs with separate direct objects, predicate nominatives, or without either a direct object or predicate nominative.

1. Jeanne was the chairperson of the dance committee.

2. The boys at the park played tag and ran races.

3. The baker cut and wrapped the bread.

4. The large round spaceship rose over the quiet city.

5. Jeff and Carl speak the same language.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. Jeanne = subject / was = verb / chairperson = predicate nominative

2. boys = subject / played = verb / tag = direct object // ran = verb / races = direct object

3. baker = subject / cut, wrapped = verbs / bread = direct object

4. spaceship = subject / rose = verb / (There is no predicate nominative or direct object.)

5. Jeff, Carl = subjects / speak = verb / language = direct object

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Lesson 310 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Capitalize geographic names and places. 

 

Examples: Mount Rushmore, Hudson Bay, Michigan Avenue, Washington D.C.

Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. We visited the black hills and the badlands this summer.

2. Is broadway in the bronx?

3. Many new jersey cities have interesting names such as whippany.

4. The ozarks have many interesting stories about them.

5. france and england have fought a lot throughout history.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. We visited the Black Hills and the Badlands this summer.

2. Is Broadway in the Bronx?

3. Many New Jersey cities have interesting names such as Whippany.

4. The Ozarks have many interesting stories about them.

5. France and England have fought a lot throughout history.

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Lesson 109 - Parts of the Sentence - Direct Object

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A direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object. 

 

To find the direct object, say the subject and verb followed by whom or what. If nothing answers the question whom or what, you know that there is no direct object.

 

     Example: 

     The car hit the tree. 

     The car hit whom or what? 

     Tree answers the question, so tree is the direct object.

     The car hit the tree. 

     Example: 

     The car sped past.

     The car sped whom or what?

     Nothing answers the question, so the sentence has no direct object.

The direct object must be a noun or pronoun. A direct object will never be in a prepositional phrase. The direct object will not equal the subject as the predicate nominative, nor does it have a linking verb as a predicate nominative sentences does.

Direct objects may be compound. 

     Example:

     The car hit the tree and the fence.

     The car hit whom or what?

     Tree and fence answer the question, so tree and fence are the direct objects.

     The car hit the tree and the fence.

A sentence may have a compound verb with one direct object for both verbs. 

     Example: 

     The man mowed and raked the lawn. 

     The lawn received the action of being both mowed and raked by the man.

 

A sentence with a compound verb may have two different direct objects in it. 

 

     Example: 

     The dog ate the meat and drank some water. 

     The direct object for the verb ate is meat. 

     The direct object for the verb drank is water. 

     The dog didn't drink the meat or eat the water.

Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, and direct objects in these sentences.

1. The football player changed his clothes and took a shower.

2. The speaker read his speech and answered some questions.

3. The carpenter fixed the door and painted the house.

4. The little girl played the piano and sang a song.

5. My neighbor mowed his lawn and watered the flowers.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. The football player changed his clothes and took a shower.

2. The speaker read his speech and answered some questions.

3. The carpenter fixed the door and painted the house.

4. The little girl played the piano and sang a song.

5. My neighbor mowed his lawn and watered the flowers.

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Lesson 309 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Capitalize names of countries, nationalities, races, languages, and adjectives derived from them. 

 

Examples: Germany, Swedes, Indians, French, English countryside

Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. The germans destroyed some of the english landscape during the war.

2. The french wines are famous in the united states and mexico.

3. What percentage of the United States population is black or african-american?

4. many japanese customs are strange to us.

5. The finns and the russians live across the sea from each other.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. The Germans destroyed some of the English landscape during the war.

2. The French wines are famous in the United States and Mexico.

3. What percentage of the United States population is Black or African-Americans?

4. Many Japanese customs are strange to us.

5. The Finns and the Russians live across the sea from each other.

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Lesson 108 - Parts of the Sentence - Direct Object

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A direct object receives the action performed by the subject. The verb used with a direct object is always an action verb. Another way of saying it is that the subject does the verb to the direct object. 

 

To find the direct object, say the subject and verb followed by whom or what. If nothing answers the question whom or what, you know that there is no direct object.

 

     Example: 

     The car hit the tree. 

     The car hit whom or what? 

     Tree answers the question, so tree is the direct object.

     The car hit the tree. 

     Example: 

     The car sped past.

     The car sped whom or what?

     Nothing answers the question, so the sentence has no direct object.

The direct object must be a noun or pronoun. A direct object will never be in a prepositional phrase. The direct object will not equal the subject as the predicate nominative, nor does it have a linking verb as a predicate nominative sentences does.

Direct objects may be compound. 

     Example:

     The car hit the tree and the fence.

     The car hit whom or what?

     Tree and fence answer the question, so tree and fence are the direct objects.

     The car hit the tree and the fence.

A sentence may have a compound verb with one direct object for both verbs. 

     Example: 

     The man mowed and raked the lawn. 

     The lawn received the action of being both mowed and raked by the man.

Instructions: Find the subjects, verbs, and direct objects in these sentences.

1. The worker sanded and painted the bookcase.

2. The cat chased and caught the mouse.

3. Mike wrapped and sent the package.

4. Mother cooked and served the meal to everyone at the party.

5. The cowboy rode and broke the wild horse.

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. The worker sanded and painted the bookcase.

2. The cat chased and caught the mouse.

3. Mike wrapped and sent the package.

4. Mother cooked and served the meal to everyone at the party.

5. The cowboy rode and broke the wild horse.

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Lesson 308 - Mechanics - Capitalization

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Capitalize religions, creeds, and denominations; the Bible and its parts; other sacred books; nouns and personal pronouns referring to the Deity (God). Do not capitalize god when it refers to mythology. 

 

Examples: 

Christianity

Protestants

Exodus

Koran

Jesus and His works

Instructions: Capitalize each word that needs a capital letter.

1. The lutherans will meet next week.

2. The torah is part of the bible.

3. The savior in christianity is Jesus.

4. Zeus is the head god in greek mythology.

5. Is mohammed spoken of in the talmud?

--For answers scroll down.

Answers:

1. The Lutherans will meet next week.

2. The Torah is part of the Bible.

3. The Savior in Christianity is Jesus.

4. Zeus is the head god in Greek mythology.

5. Is Mohammed spoken of in the Talmud?

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