A verbal is a verb form used as some other part of speech. There are
three kinds of verbals: gerunds, participles, and infinitives.
A gerund always ends in ing and is used as a noun.
Example:
Eating is fun.
A participle is used as an adjective and ends various ways. A present
participle always ends with ing as does the gerund, but remember that it is an adjective. A past participle ends with ed, n, or irregularly.
Examples:
played, broken, brought, sung, seeing, having seen, being seen, seen, having
been seen
An infinitive is to plus a verb form. It can be a noun,
an adjective, or an adverb.
Examples:
to be, to see, to be seen, to be eaten
Instructions: Find the
gerunds, gerund phrases, participles, participial phrases, infinitives,
or infinitive phrases in these sentences, tell what kind of verbal they
are, and how they are used.
1. You are difficult to understand.
2. Jack hopes to join the Army next month.
3. The Senate favors increasing taxes.
4. The broken lamp lay on the floor.
5. I saw him trying to open the trunk.
--For answers scroll
down.
Answers:
1. You are difficult to understand.
- to understand (adverb infinitive) modifying the predicate adjective difficult
2. Jack hopes to join the Army next month.
- to join the Army next month (noun infinitive phrase) used as the direct object
3. The Senate favors increasing taxes.
- increasing taxes (gerund phrase) used as the direct object
4. The broken lamp lay on the floor.
- broken (participle) modifying the subject lamp
5. I saw him trying to open the trunk.
- trying to open the trunk (participial phrase) modifying the direct object him
- to open the trunk (noun infinitive phrase) used as the direct object to the verbal trying
For your convenience, all of our lessons are available on our website in our lesson archive. Our lessons are also available to purchase in an eBook and a workbook format.
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